android执行shell命令-2
在 http://www.trinea.cn/android/android-java-execute-shell-commands/ 这里发现不错的库，转载下，避免失效等问题
主要介绍Android或Java应用中如何以默认用户或root用户执行Shell命令，ShellUtils的API介绍、使用及使用场景(如静默安装和卸载、修改hosts文件、拷贝文件)。使用纯Java实现，所以对Java程序同样适用。
很多朋友在使用TrineaAndroidCommon@Github中的ShellUtils工具类了，那就大致介绍下他的功能吧。
1、API介绍
以下是ShellUtils中最终执行命令的方法execCommand：
public CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg)
其中commands表示依次执行的shell命令数组
isRoot表示是否以su用户执行(需要手机已经root)
isNeedResultMsg表示是否存储命令执行成功及失败后的信息。
/**
* result of command
*
* @author <a href="http://www.trinea.cn" target="_blank">Trinea</a> 2013-5-16
*/
public static class CommandResult {
/** result of command **/
public int result;
/** success message of command result **/
public String successMsg;
/** error message of command result **/
public String errorMsg;
public CommandResult(int result){
this.result = result;
}
public CommandResult(int result, String successMsg, String errorMsg){
this.result = result;
this.successMsg = successMsg;
this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
}
}
CommandResult 为返回的数据结构，如下其中result表示执行的结果，根据linux命令执行规则，0表示成功，其他为相应错误码。
successMsg存储执行成功后的输出信息，errorMsg存储执行失败后的输出信息。
如果isNeedResultMsg为false，successMsg和errorMsg会始终为空，而result依然为正常结果。
其他接口，Shell命令支持执行String(单个命令), List(多个命令)，String[](多个命令)
见：ShellUtils.java#Api Guide
2、使用
(1)引入公共库
引入[TrineaAndroidCommon@Github]5作为你项目的library(如何拉取代码及添加公共库)。
(2) 调用上面介绍的execCommand函数，
注意有些命令可能运行时间较长，所以最好在线程中执行execCommand
3、使用场景
以目前自己的几个场景举下例子
(1) 静默安装和卸载
这个很多朋友已经用过了Android root权限静默安装或卸载应用，原理是执行命令：pm install apkFilePath及pm uninstall packageName
具体代码可见：PackageUtils installSilent(Context context, String filePath, String pmParams)
(2) 获取系统设置->存储->首选安装位置
原理是执行命令：pm get-install-location
具体代码可见：PackageUtils getInstallLocation()
(3) Android修改hosts文件
原理是执行命令：
mount -o rw,remount /system
echo “127.0.0.1 localhost” > /etc/hosts
echo “185.31.17.184 github.global.ssl.fastly.net” >> /etc/hosts
chmod 644 /etc/hosts
代码如下:
List<String> commnandList = new ArrayList<String>();
commnandList.add("mount -o rw,remount /system");
commnandList.add("echo \"127.0.0.1 localhost\" > /etc/hosts");
commnandList.add("echo \"185.31.17.184 github.global.ssl.fastly.net\" >> /etc/hosts");
commnandList.add("chmod 644 /etc/hosts");
CommandResult result = ShellUtils.execCommand(commnandList, true);
用echo命令改hosts文件很牛逼哦，不用重启可以直接生效的哦。
(4) 拷贝文件
原理是执行命令：
mount -o rw,remount /system
cp /mnt/sdcard/xx.apk /system/app/
代码如下：
String[] commands = new String[] { "mount -o rw,remount /system", "cp /mnt/sdcard/xx.apk /system/app/" };
CommandResult result = ShellUtils.execCommand(commands, true);注意一般拷贝文件是不需要root的，上面用root是因为需要拷贝到/system/app/下面
PS:最后贴下库的内容
package cn.trinea.android.common.util;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.List;
/**
* ShellUtils
* <ul>
* <strong>Check root</strong>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#checkRootPermission()}</li>
* </ul>
* <ul>
* <strong>Execte command</strong>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String, boolean)}</li>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String, boolean, boolean)}</li>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(List, boolean)}</li>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(List, boolean, boolean)}</li>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean)}</li>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)}</li>
* </ul>
*
* @author <a href="http://www.trinea.cn" target="_blank">Trinea</a> 2013-5-16
*/
public class ShellUtils {
public static final String COMMAND_SU = "su";
public static final String COMMAND_SH = "sh";
public static final String COMMAND_EXIT = "exit\n";
public static final String COMMAND_LINE_END = "\n";
private ShellUtils() {
throw new AssertionError();
}
/**
* check whether has root permission
*
* @return
*/
public static boolean checkRootPermission() {
return execCommand("echo root", true, false).result == 0;
}
/**
* execute shell command, default return result msg
*
* @param command command
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(String command, boolean isRoot) {
return execCommand(new String[] {command}, isRoot, true);
}
/**
* execute shell commands, default return result msg
*
* @param commands command list
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(List<String> commands, boolean isRoot) {
return execCommand(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[] {}), isRoot, true);
}
/**
* execute shell commands, default return result msg
*
* @param commands command array
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot) {
return execCommand(commands, isRoot, true);
}
/**
* execute shell command
*
* @param command command
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(String command, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
return execCommand(new String[] {command}, isRoot, isNeedResultMsg);
}
/**
* execute shell commands
*
* @param commands command list
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(List<String> commands, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
return execCommand(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[] {}), isRoot, isNeedResultMsg);
}
/**
* execute shell commands
*
* @param commands command array
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
* @return <ul>
* <li>if isNeedResultMsg is false, {@link CommandResult#successMsg} is null and
* {@link CommandResult#errorMsg} is null.</li>
* <li>if {@link CommandResult#result} is -1, there maybe some excepiton.</li>
* </ul>
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
int result = -1;
if (commands == null || commands.length == 0) {
return new CommandResult(result, null, null);
}
Process process = null;
BufferedReader successResult = null;
BufferedReader errorResult = null;
StringBuilder successMsg = null;
StringBuilder errorMsg = null;
DataOutputStream os = null;
try {
process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(isRoot ? COMMAND_SU : COMMAND_SH);
os = new DataOutputStream(process.getOutputStream());
for (String command : commands) {
if (command == null) {
continue;
}
// donnot use os.writeBytes(commmand), avoid chinese charset error
os.write(command.getBytes());
os.writeBytes(COMMAND_LINE_END);
os.flush();
}
os.writeBytes(COMMAND_EXIT);
os.flush();
result = process.waitFor();
// get command result
if (isNeedResultMsg) {
successMsg = new StringBuilder();
errorMsg = new StringBuilder();
successResult = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
errorResult = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()));
String s;
while ((s = successResult.readLine()) != null) {
successMsg.append(s);
}
while ((s = errorResult.readLine()) != null) {
errorMsg.append(s);
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (os != null) {
os.close();
}
if (successResult != null) {
successResult.close();
}
if (errorResult != null) {
errorResult.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (process != null) {
process.destroy();
}
}
return new CommandResult(result, successMsg == null ? null : successMsg.toString(), errorMsg == null ? null
: errorMsg.toString());
}
/**
* result of command
* <ul>
* <li>{@link CommandResult#result} means result of command, 0 means normal, else means error, same to excute in
* linux shell</li>
* <li>{@link CommandResult#successMsg} means success message of command result</li>
* <li>{@link CommandResult#errorMsg} means error message of command result</li>
* </ul>
*
* @author <a href="http://www.trinea.cn" target="_blank">Trinea</a> 2013-5-16
*/
public static class CommandResult {
/** result of command **/
public int result;
/** success message of command result **/
public String successMsg;
/** error message of command result **/
public String errorMsg;
public CommandResult(int result) {
this.result = result;
}
public CommandResult(int result, String successMsg, String errorMsg) {
this.result = result;
this.successMsg = successMsg;
this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
}
}
}
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