android执行shell命令-2

http://www.trinea.cn/android/android-java-execute-shell-commands/ 这里发现不错的库,转载下,避免失效等问题

主要介绍Android或Java应用中如何以默认用户或root用户执行Shell命令,ShellUtils的API介绍、使用及使用场景(如静默安装和卸载、修改hosts文件、拷贝文件)。使用纯Java实现,所以对Java程序同样适用。

很多朋友在使用TrineaAndroidCommon@Github中的ShellUtils工具类了,那就大致介绍下他的功能吧。
1、API介绍
以下是ShellUtils中最终执行命令的方法execCommand:

public CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg)

其中commands表示依次执行的shell命令数组
isRoot表示是否以su用户执行(需要手机已经root)
isNeedResultMsg表示是否存储命令执行成功及失败后的信息。

/**
 * result of command
 * 
 * @author <a href="http://www.trinea.cn" target="_blank">Trinea</a> 2013-5-16
 */
public static class CommandResult {

    /** result of command **/
    public int    result;
    /** success message of command result **/
    public String successMsg;
    /** error message of command result **/
    public String errorMsg;

    public CommandResult(int result){
        this.result = result;
    }

    public CommandResult(int result, String successMsg, String errorMsg){
        this.result = result;
        this.successMsg = successMsg;
        this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
    }
}

CommandResult 为返回的数据结构,如下其中result表示执行的结果,根据linux命令执行规则,0表示成功,其他为相应错误码。
successMsg存储执行成功后的输出信息,errorMsg存储执行失败后的输出信息。
如果isNeedResultMsg为false,successMsg和errorMsg会始终为空,而result依然为正常结果。

其他接口,Shell命令支持执行String(单个命令), List(多个命令),String[](多个命令)
见:ShellUtils.java#Api Guide

2、使用
(1)引入公共库
引入[TrineaAndroidCommon@Github]5作为你项目的library(如何拉取代码及添加公共库)。

(2) 调用上面介绍的execCommand函数,
注意有些命令可能运行时间较长,所以最好在线程中执行execCommand

3、使用场景
以目前自己的几个场景举下例子
(1) 静默安装和卸载
这个很多朋友已经用过了Android root权限静默安装或卸载应用,原理是执行命令:pm install apkFilePath及pm uninstall packageName
具体代码可见:PackageUtils installSilent(Context context, String filePath, String pmParams)

(2) 获取系统设置->存储->首选安装位置
原理是执行命令:pm get-install-location
具体代码可见:PackageUtils getInstallLocation()

(3) Android修改hosts文件
原理是执行命令:
mount -o rw,remount /system
echo “127.0.0.1 localhost” > /etc/hosts
echo “185.31.17.184 github.global.ssl.fastly.net” >> /etc/hosts
chmod 644 /etc/hosts
代码如下:

List<String> commnandList = new ArrayList<String>();
commnandList.add("mount -o rw,remount /system");
commnandList.add("echo \"127.0.0.1 localhost\" > /etc/hosts");
commnandList.add("echo \"185.31.17.184 github.global.ssl.fastly.net\" >> /etc/hosts");
commnandList.add("chmod 644 /etc/hosts");
CommandResult result = ShellUtils.execCommand(commnandList, true);

用echo命令改hosts文件很牛逼哦,不用重启可以直接生效的哦。

(4) 拷贝文件
原理是执行命令:
mount -o rw,remount /system
cp /mnt/sdcard/xx.apk /system/app/
代码如下:

String[] commands = new String[] { "mount -o rw,remount /system", "cp /mnt/sdcard/xx.apk /system/app/" };
CommandResult result = ShellUtils.execCommand(commands, true);

注意一般拷贝文件是不需要root的,上面用root是因为需要拷贝到/system/app/下面

PS:最后贴下库的内容

package cn.trinea.android.common.util;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * ShellUtils
 * <ul>
 * <strong>Check root</strong>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#checkRootPermission()}</li>
 * </ul>
 * <ul>
 * <strong>Execte command</strong>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String, boolean)}</li>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String, boolean, boolean)}</li>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(List, boolean)}</li>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(List, boolean, boolean)}</li>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean)}</li>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)}</li>
 * </ul>
 * 
 * @author <a href="http://www.trinea.cn" target="_blank">Trinea</a> 2013-5-16
 */
public class ShellUtils {

    public static final String COMMAND_SU       = "su";
    public static final String COMMAND_SH       = "sh";
    public static final String COMMAND_EXIT     = "exit\n";
    public static final String COMMAND_LINE_END = "\n";

    private ShellUtils() {
        throw new AssertionError();
    }

    /**
     * check whether has root permission
     * 
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean checkRootPermission() {
        return execCommand("echo root", true, false).result == 0;
    }

    /**
     * execute shell command, default return result msg
     * 
     * @param command command
     * @param isRoot whether need to run with root
     * @return
     * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
     */
    public static CommandResult execCommand(String command, boolean isRoot) {
        return execCommand(new String[] {command}, isRoot, true);
    }

    /**
     * execute shell commands, default return result msg
     * 
     * @param commands command list
     * @param isRoot whether need to run with root
     * @return
     * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
     */
    public static CommandResult execCommand(List<String> commands, boolean isRoot) {
        return execCommand(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[] {}), isRoot, true);
    }

    /**
     * execute shell commands, default return result msg
     * 
     * @param commands command array
     * @param isRoot whether need to run with root
     * @return
     * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
     */
    public static CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot) {
        return execCommand(commands, isRoot, true);
    }

    /**
     * execute shell command
     * 
     * @param command command
     * @param isRoot whether need to run with root
     * @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
     * @return
     * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
     */
    public static CommandResult execCommand(String command, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
        return execCommand(new String[] {command}, isRoot, isNeedResultMsg);
    }

    /**
     * execute shell commands
     * 
     * @param commands command list
     * @param isRoot whether need to run with root
     * @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
     * @return
     * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
     */
    public static CommandResult execCommand(List<String> commands, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
        return execCommand(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[] {}), isRoot, isNeedResultMsg);
    }

    /**
     * execute shell commands
     * 
     * @param commands command array
     * @param isRoot whether need to run with root
     * @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
     * @return <ul>
     *         <li>if isNeedResultMsg is false, {@link CommandResult#successMsg} is null and
     *         {@link CommandResult#errorMsg} is null.</li>
     *         <li>if {@link CommandResult#result} is -1, there maybe some excepiton.</li>
     *         </ul>
     */
    public static CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
        int result = -1;
        if (commands == null || commands.length == 0) {
            return new CommandResult(result, null, null);
        }

        Process process = null;
        BufferedReader successResult = null;
        BufferedReader errorResult = null;
        StringBuilder successMsg = null;
        StringBuilder errorMsg = null;

        DataOutputStream os = null;
        try {
            process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(isRoot ? COMMAND_SU : COMMAND_SH);
            os = new DataOutputStream(process.getOutputStream());
            for (String command : commands) {
                if (command == null) {
                    continue;
                }

                // donnot use os.writeBytes(commmand), avoid chinese charset error
                os.write(command.getBytes());
                os.writeBytes(COMMAND_LINE_END);
                os.flush();
            }
            os.writeBytes(COMMAND_EXIT);
            os.flush();

            result = process.waitFor();
            // get command result
            if (isNeedResultMsg) {
                successMsg = new StringBuilder();
                errorMsg = new StringBuilder();
                successResult = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
                errorResult = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()));
                String s;
                while ((s = successResult.readLine()) != null) {
                    successMsg.append(s);
                }
                while ((s = errorResult.readLine()) != null) {
                    errorMsg.append(s);
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (os != null) {
                    os.close();
                }
                if (successResult != null) {
                    successResult.close();
                }
                if (errorResult != null) {
                    errorResult.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            if (process != null) {
                process.destroy();
            }
        }
        return new CommandResult(result, successMsg == null ? null : successMsg.toString(), errorMsg == null ? null
                : errorMsg.toString());
    }

    /**
     * result of command
     * <ul>
     * <li>{@link CommandResult#result} means result of command, 0 means normal, else means error, same to excute in
     * linux shell</li>
     * <li>{@link CommandResult#successMsg} means success message of command result</li>
     * <li>{@link CommandResult#errorMsg} means error message of command result</li>
     * </ul>
     * 
     * @author <a href="http://www.trinea.cn" target="_blank">Trinea</a> 2013-5-16
     */
    public static class CommandResult {

        /** result of command **/
        public int    result;
        /** success message of command result **/
        public String successMsg;
        /** error message of command result **/
        public String errorMsg;

        public CommandResult(int result) {
            this.result = result;
        }

        public CommandResult(int result, String successMsg, String errorMsg) {
            this.result = result;
            this.successMsg = successMsg;
            this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
        }
    }
}

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